Environmental Forensics
Introduction
Forensics in the Natural Environment
Detection and characterization of materials in the natural environment for the purposes of forensic analysis requires accurate elemental analysis at low levels of detection. Whether tracking illegal release of toxic chemicals on land, in streams or in the atmosphere, detection of residues indicating past illegal activities, or using the compositions of materials in the natural environment in crime scene investigation, Bruker's analytical solutions provide the right tools for forensic environmental analysis.
废水
FT-IR光谱法评估烃污染
Even just one drop of oil can result in making up to 600 liters of drinking water unsafe for human consumption. Sadly. every year immense amounts of hydrocarbons like used oil, lubricants and fuel are illegally dumped into the environment.
Exactly in such cases it is immensely important to determine the strength of the contamination as well as the origin of the respective hydrocarbon.
通过使用固相提取技术和FT-IR光谱法，几乎可以在现场进行此类分析，几乎可以立即进行此类分析，而无需消耗品或溶剂。
Rapid Analysis of Stream Waters by TXRF to Track Toxic Waste Discharge
Release of toxic waste and hazardous chemicals into the environment, contaminating streams and waterways, causes immense damage to ecosystems and is dangerous to community health. Tracking down the origins of deliberate or accidental waste discharge is a key role of forensic water analysis and can require a rapid response approach to the collection and analysis of water samples taken from streams or groundwater bores.
Water analysis by traditional methods such as ICP-MS/OES is expensive due to the cost of instrumentation and consumables and can have long turn around times for results. An alternative approach is total reflection X-ray fluorescence (TXRF). Bruker's field deployableS2 PICOFOXand lab-basedS4 TSTAR用快速和简单的样品制备提供PPB级检测的小样品中常见水污染物的检测。布鲁克的水分析解决方案可快速提供高精度的结果，从而可以快速检测到释放到环境中的有毒废物，从而使负责方的逮捕并进行补救工作。
Soil Screening
Micro-beam Characterization of Soils and Mineral Particles
对土壤的法医分析涉及多个领域的整合以表征土壤，以帮助刑事调查。土壤的不同特征可以帮助调查人员了解犯罪现场，是否发生了埋葬，甚至保留了人类遗体的痕迹。法医分析的一个方面涉及指纹识别土壤的成分，以推导土壤出处，将其与特定的地理位置联系起来。
指纹土壤的方法包括矿物颗粒的元素表征以及法医样品中可能存在的其他颗粒物。布鲁克的M4 TORNADOallows rapid analysis of minimally prepared samples without the need for a conductive coat; samples may be scattered on carbon tape and quickly scanned. With a spot size down to <20 um, even small mineral grains are detected. Elements measured in each grain allow easy identification of the minerals present and their relative abundances. Where collected due to transfer – on a shoe or on clothing – these data can be used for direct comparison to samples taken at crime scenes or to databases of common regional soil types.
Toxic Gas Leaks
Industrial and Environmental Monitoring of Toxic Gases
The detection, identification and quantification of leaks of certain toxic gases and vapors in chemical plant and in chemical transport have proved to be a challenge. Yet, technologies that meet these requirements have existed for several years, and provide rapid and accurate determination of specific toxic gas and vapors in ambient air.
In this field, two techniques stand out as excellent solutions. Ion Mobility Spectrometry (IMS) provides ultra-high sensitivity to a specific range of highly toxic chemicals, being generally applied to the detection of substances at specific points in a chemical plant.
Infrared spectroscopy (IR) is a technique that is also well suited to the detection of a broad range of toxic gases and vapours, and system offered by Bruker is designed for the volumetric detection of toxic pollutants over a broad area.
Detect the following gases (and more) in air down to low parts per billion levels:
- 氯，氨，二氧化硫
- 氰化氢和碱金属氰化物（作为HCN）
- Chloro-organic compounds
- 甲苯二异氰酸酯（TDI）
- 硫酸二甲基（DMS）
The accuracy, speed, reliability and sensitivity of the Bruker detection instruments can help to eliminate long shut down periods in production, by helping to detect and locate leaks quickly.
此外，他们的快速响应在保护工人和周围社区免受危险气体免受危险气体免受危险的气体侵害中起着至关重要的作用，仅在短短几分钟内找到主要的泄漏或较小的泄漏，而目前使用的技术可能需要几个小时。
Bruker detectors can even pay for themselves by preventing one major factory incident and will operate for years; improving operator well-being and increasing productivity.
其他解决方案
其他用于刑事法医分析的布鲁克解决方案
Portable XRF
Bruker的泰坦和CTX XRF解决方案，用于以完全移动格式的固体和液体的Mg到U的元素分析。用于快速识别材料，或用于完全定量的组成分析。必威手机客户端
TXRF
The field transportable S2 PICOFOX and lab-based S4 T-STAR total reflection XRF spectrometers for elemental analysis of liquids and solids down to sub-ppb detection limits without the need for complex lab infrastructure.
FT-IR和拉曼光谱法
我们提供的选择紧凑,powerful spectrometers for on-site and laboratory analysis, providing fast and reliable chemical analysis of evidence.
FT-IR和拉曼显微镜
asd For micro chemical analysis we offer a comprehensive portfolio of Raman and Infrared microscopes that are perfectly suited to analyze smallest traces as well as brittle or sensitive evidence