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Introduction

分类

可以通过基于SEM的分析技术而不是使用TEM来定量地对热处理过程中恢复和重结晶涉及的机制进行详细研究。Quantax编辑，，，，EBSDandARGUS™向纳米级的微观结构和晶体取向提供了快速和定量的鉴定。此外，它易于使用，无损和相对便宜。当检查大部分样品以进行铝产品的表面质量控制时，还需要大量的视野与TEM相比。表面质量很重要，因为它可以影响耐腐蚀性和粘合性粘合和耐用性。

小颗粒的分类

生产线的磨损可能是受污染产品和/或故障机械的来源

生产线的磨损可能是受污染产品和/或故障机械的来源。使用Micro-XRF直接将其尺寸降低到50 µm的钢颗粒分类，因为它们的重矩阵将允许对主元素进行可靠的定量分析。对于铝制薄片的分类通常很重要，而主要元素非常轻。因此，很难评估合金类型的薄铝颗粒。快速映射功能M4 TORNADO(PLUS) allow quick scanning of small Al particles and find the thickest part of the sample. This thick region is likely to give the most reliable results for a classification. The region of interest can be cut out from the Hypermap dataset and be quantified for classification.

不同的薄片图。样品最厚，颜色信号最亮。左图显示一个大约500 µm宽度的Al粒子。该粒子被折叠，光学图像的低语不明显。右图显示一个甚至比第一个样品厚的粒子更小。通过整个粒子的快速图，最容易获得厚度信息。

了解有关M4 Tornado Plus的更多信息联系Micro-XRF专家

4 different particles with diameters well below 500 µm and much lower thickness where mapped, the thickest part was selected and quantified. The Al sample holder was the piece where the flakes were abraded from. For all particles the heavy elements Pb and Bi are underestimated, because the samples are too thin. Fo the medium elements the quantification still worked for the 2 thicker flakes, but failed for particle 3 and 4. This way to assess the size range for a reliable classification is fast and direct. Aluminum particles that are larger (thicker) than 200 mm can be classified reliably.

质地

The production of aluminum in the smelter is uniquely controlled by Powder XRD. Hundreds of samples of the hot molten electrolyte are regularly taken, cooled down and analyzed with the D8 ENDEAVOR Aluminum editon. The volume texture of the final metal product can be inspected by XRD.

Microstructural Characterization with XRD

滚动和绘制铝板的纹理分析

polycr谷物的取向分布ystalline material, commonly referred to as its crystallographic texture, has a profound impact on its mechanical, electrical, and thermal behavior. Commonly, manufacturing processes such as machining, rolling, extruding, and drawing lead to changes in texture which can be measured and controlled to enhance functionality or prevent failure. X-ray Diffraction provides an easy to use non-destructive method for the determination of crystallographic texture.

Read the related Application Note

Process Control

铝电解浴分析

Al生产的主要成本因素是氧化铝的电解冶炼能量。通过在氧化铝中添加冰晶石（Na3Caalf6），Alf3和Caf2，可以获得低于1000°C的熔化温度。这种浴的实际成分在固体冷却电解质的矿物学中表示。除饲料材料外，这还含有奇奥莱岩和两种形式的Ca-Cryolite混合晶体。通过单XRD峰分析获得浴酸（ExALF3）和其他控制变量，以及D8努力中XRF同时测量的总Ca含量。

Further reading on the D8 ENDEAVOR Aluminum

元素化学和等级ID

铝Alloys and XRF Aluminum Analysis

铝alloys are very light and have good corrosion resistance and electric conductivity. Cu and Mg alloyed grades are tough; Si alloyed grades can easily be cast. Aluminum alloys are used as construction material of aircrafts, sea crafts, car motors, cans, and containers. Aluminum is also used to cast window frames and can be colored to wide range of colors.

铝alloys fall into the category of light metal alloys and are now easily analyzed using Silicon Drift Detector (SDD)XRF铝分析仪。

铝是最回收的金属
The scrap types are cans, unalloyed and alloyed plates, crushed casts, chips, and slag. Aluminum scrap sorters use portable XRF analyzers, while aluminum producers and foundries use big stationary laboratory analyzers as well as portable analyzers. Aluminum producers are interested in Mg, Si, Ni, Pb, Bi, Cr, Ti, Sn, V, Be, Fe, Zn, Cu, Mn, Ca, Sr, Sb and P. The scrap is analyzed prior to charging to the furnace. As little as 0.003 % Ca can be detrimental in aluminum processing. P can be either an alloying element or a tramp element. As an alloying element, P is 0.008-0.018 %, Sr is 0.001-0.01% and Sb 0.001-0.01%.