Formation Evaluation for Operations, Drilling and Completions
Cuttings Analysis
用实验室质量精度在现场表征插条
The mud log has become indispensable since its commercial introduction in 1939, but with minimal change. Though more surface and drilling sensors have been added to digital logs, the geologic description of samples remains central to the process. The mud log could be poised for a rebirth, rising to meet the needs and challenges of a drilling industry after the unconventional revolution. Cuttings offer a source of information that cannot be easily gathered in horizontal wells by wireline logging or measurement while drilling.
The Value of Cuttings
插条是对目标地层的直接测量
插条提供了对岩石的有价值的直接测量，可以直接评估物理和化学性质。插条为高分辨率提供了具有成本效益的替代方案和补充chemostratigraphy on core通过提供：
- A cost-effective real-time direct measurement of formations
- Data for both horizontal and vertical wells
- Retention of organic matter
- 没有孔的操作风险
On-site Elemental Logging
Near Real-time Elemental Data On-site
现场元素数据可以彻底改变钻井程序。Wellsite X射线荧光（XRF）分析程序易于在任何标准的混合工作流程中实施。可以在样品杯或压力板中轻松制备清洁和干燥的插条，以实时提供实验室质量的地球化学分析。这些数据可用于：
- 通过识别地球化学标记来充满信心地降落井
- 在MWD或LWD失败的情况下，用于GeoSteering和备份技术的其他信息
- 识别有信心的井下岩性作为对有线和MWD的验证
- 识别插条中的金属，以确定它是否来自钻头，套管，鞭子库存或表面设备
- Building local or regional chemostratigraphy models that provide more accurate correlations between wells
- Providing additional information for fracture design
- Improving future well planning
On-site Mineral Logging
现场矿产数据以更好的决策
寻求良好地点的矿物数据，以帮助编队评估，完成设计和脱离风险井。已经很好地确定，阶段性能差与诸如岩石类型和预先存在的裂缝之类的特性有关。添加现场矿物质识别可以使运营地质学家和石油工程师接近实时数据，以降低成本并提高性能。例如，布鲁克的自动矿物学解决方案AMICS利用可以在现场或前瞻性实验室部署的技术来从插条收集矿物数据。所有Bruker的解决方案都易于设置，可以由具有远程数据减少的技术人员运行，并运行标准钻机功率。
Formation Evaluation
岩相特征和Evaluat形成ion with Mineral and Elemental Data
元素和矿物数据作为综合形成评估计划的一部分最有用。良好的矿物质和地球化学数据可以纳入储层和石油系统模型，作为勘探和开发过程各个方面的工具。例如：
- Bulk and modal mineral information can be incorporated into reservoir quality assessments and the identification of problematic zones (e.g. swelling clays)
- Textural analysis and lithotyping can divide the formation into lithofacies that are easy to understand and incorporated into completions design and well planning
- 帮助序列地层插值和井井相关性
- Provenance analysis including identification and mapping of datable minerals
- Compute rock geomechanical and physical properties including Young’s modulus, wettability, hardness
- 直接分析孔隙率，压实，动脉质量，纹理，晶粒尺寸，晶粒形状，谷物成分和成岩作用
阶段分析
用D2移相器识别肿胀粘土
黏土minerals comprise a large class of fine-grained, layered silicates that result from the weathering of bulk minerals. Clays are of particular interest for the mining and drilling industries due to the physical properties they impart on surrounding geological formations. Here, we discuss the qualitative analysis of clays by X-ray diffraction (XRD) with the D2 PHASER benchtop diffractometer, specifically towards identifying swelling clay species. Clay minerals are a key concern in many drilling applications. For example, in the hydraulic fracturing industry, high concentrations of clays indicate higher ductility and can lead to poor fracture formation. Additionally, the presence of swelling clays can lead to water-induced swelling during the initiation process or negative effects, such as self-healing, during production stages. The identification of these minerals is essential for developing tailored solutions for additives and stabilizers.
